History

The history of sake is not well documented and there are many theories on how it was developed. One theory suggests that the brewing of rice began in China along the Yangtze River and was then exported to Japan. Another theory traces the sake brewing back to the 3-century, Japan, with the advent of wet rice cultivation. [Change] The combination of water and rice lying together, gave rise to mold and fermentation.

Nevertheless, the first concern has been called kuchikami not worry, (Japanese for "chewing mouth good" or mouth chewed sake) and was made by people chewing rice, chestnuts, millet, tassel and spitting the mixture in a bathtub. The saliva enzymes allowed the starches saccharify (convert sugar). This sweet mixture was combined with freshly cooked cereals and let ferment naturally. This form of the first concern was probably low in alcohol and consumption as porridge. This method has been used by the Americans, see cauim, and pulque. Chinese millet wine, xiǎo mǐ jǐu (小米酒), made the same way, is mentioned in the inscriptions of the 14th century before Jesus Christ as offered to the gods in religious rituals. Later, around the 8th century BC, rice wine, mǐ jǐu (米酒) with a formula almost exactly like the Japanese side sake, became popular in China.

Centuries later, chewing was rendered useless by the discovery of kōji parents (麹菌Aspergillus oryzae), a mold enzymes which convert the starch to sugar, rice, which is also used to amazake, miso and soy sauce. Inoculés with rice kōji-parent is called "kome-kōji" (米麹), or malt rice. A mashed yeast, or Shubo (酒母), is then added to convert sugar into ethanol. This trend may well increase the alcohol content (18% -25% per flight.), The starch is turned into sugar by kōji, sugars are converted to alcohol by yeast in a process snapshot.

Koji-parent was most probably discovered by accident. Koji spores and yeast that floats in the air lands in a soup of rice mixture of water left outside. The fermentation would create a concern porridge not unlike the kuchikami not worry, but not need a whole village to chew rice. This porridge is probably not the best taste, but poisoning is enough to keep people interested in doing. Part of this puree will be held as a starter for the next batch.

Experimentation techniques and China during the 7th century AD led to the interests of better quality. Love eventually became quite popular for a mixing of the organization to implement the Kyoto Imperial Palace, then capital of Japan. This led to full-time sake brewers, these artisans and paved the way for many other developments in technology. During the Heian era (794-1185) that the development of three more step in the brewing process was developed (a technique to increase the alcohol content and reduce the chances of souring).

For the next 500 years, quality and techniques used in a brewing concern continued to improve. The practice of using a starter mash or "moto" was adopted with the aim of cultivating the greatest possible amount of yeast cells before brewing. Brewers were also able to isolate kōji for the first time and, therefore, have been able to control with some consistency, saccharification (convert the starch to sugar) of rice.

Through observation and trial and error, a form of pasteurization was also developed. Lots of sake that began to sour because of bacteria during the summer months have been poured barrels in their tanks and heated. However, the concern is pasteurized then returned to the bacteria infected barrels. Hence the interest will be even more bitter and, when autumn has come around, the concern would be unpleasant. The principles underlying the pasteurization (and better methods of storage sake) would not be understood until Louis Pasteur discovered some 500 years later.

During the Meiji Restoration, laws were drafted that allowed anyone with money and know-how to build and operate their own sake breweries. Approximately 30000 breweries were born around the country within a year. However, as the years passed, the government collected more taxes on the property industry and slowly the number of breweries declined in 8000.

Most breweries that grew and survived this period have been set up by wealthy landowners. Landowners have increased rice yields would have left more than rice at the end of the season and, rather than letting the reserve of rice from the waste stream to ship their breweries. The greatest success of these breweries family still operate today.

In the 20th century, a concern brewing technology grew by leaps and bounds. The government has opened a sake-brewing research institute in 1904 and in 1907 the first government-run sake tasting / competition was held. Strains of yeast specifically selected for their brewing properties were isolated and enamel-coated steel tanks arrived. The government began acknowledging the use of enamel tanks also easy to clean, which lasts forever, and is devoid of bacteria. (The government wooden barrels regarded as "unhygienic" because of potential bacteria living in the woods.) Although these things are true, the government also wanted more money from breweries such as wood in the barrels wood suck up to an amount of sake (about 3%), which could have been imposed. This was the end of the wood-age barrel of sake and use of wooden barrels brewing has been completely eliminated.

In Japan, a concern has long been taxed by the federal government. In 1898, this tax has about 55 million yen out of a total of about 120 million yen for approximately 46% of government's total direct tax income [1]

During the Russo-Japanese War in 1904-1905, the government banned home brewing sake. At the time, though composed an astonishing 30% of Japan tax revenue. Since home brewed concern is tax-free sake, the logic was that the ban on home brewing of sake, sales would climb, and more money would be collected. This was the end of "doburoku" (homebrewed) concern, and the law remains in force today, even though sales now account for only 2% of government revenue.

When World War II broke out, the name-brewing industry has dealt a blow than the government has stalled on the use of rice for brewing. Most of the rice grown during this period was used for the war effort, and this, together with many other problems, was the end for thousands of breweries throughout Japan.

Previously, it was discovered that small amounts of alcohol could be added to an effort to improve the aroma and texture. But by government decree, pure alcohol and glucose were added to small quantities of rice mash, increasing the yield by almost four times. 95% of the name is made using this technique, left over from the war years. There were even a few breweries that have been able to produce "good" that the rice does not at all. Naturally, the quality of care during this period suffered greatly.

After the war, breweries has slowly begun to recover, and concern for quality has increased gradually. However, new actors on the scene - beer, wine and spirits - has become very popular in Japan, and in the 1960 beer consumption has exceeded concern for the first time. Sake consumption continued to decline while the other hand, the quality of sake steadily improve.

Today, a concern has become a world of beverages with a little push breweries in China, Southeast Asia, South America, North America and Australia. More breweries are also older turn to methods of production.

While the rest of the world May be much drinking and quality of care has been increasingly, it is not clear sailing for the property industry. In Japan, sales of sake is still in decline and it is uncertain whether the export of concern to other countries may put Japanese breweries. There are approximately 1500 breweries in Japan now, while there were approximately 2500 to 1988.

CHIVAS REGAL

Chivas Regal is a premium Scotch whisky Chivas produced by brothers in Aberdeen, Scotland, founded in 1801. Chivas the mark of origin is Strathisla Distillery Keith, Moray in Speyside, Scotland.

Chivas Regal is one of the best premium whisky sales in the world, available in over 200 countries. And 'the best-selling premium Scotch Whisky in Europe and Asia Pacific and is rated one of the most powerful spirits brands. [1] Chivas Regal is one of the best brands of alcoholic beverages in the world, with sales having increased by 40% in the last four years.


Chivas Regal Family

Whisky Chivas Regal merged into a house distinctive style of a soft, honey flavor.

* Chivas Regal 12 years: Blended whiskies from matured for at least 12 years. A good whisky with honey, smooth taste.
* Chivas Regal Gold Signature 18 years: Blended whiskies from matured for at least 18 years. Chocolate and notes of orange, some citrus and spices on the nose and a full, fruity, spicy and citrusy palate, with notes of sherry at the end.
* Chivas Regal 25 years: created using whisky aged at least 25 years; available only in limited quantities, with a price retail c $ 300. The mixture has tasting notes of apricot and peach.
* Chivas Regal Royal Salute: very rare mixture of whisky aged 21 years.
* Chivas Regal Royal Salute 50-year-old: released in 2003 to commemorate the 50 anniversary of Queen Elizabeth II of coronation, at a price of $ 10000 $.

History

1640: The House of Schivas, a large palace, is built to Schivas in Aberdeenshire. The name derives from the Gaelic 'seamhas' in the strict sense. For centuries, people close took the name of Chivas.

1801: Chivas Brothers store originally opened in Aberdeen. James and John Chivas sold luxury foodstuffs such as coffee, spices exotic, French brandy, rum Caribbean and a wealthy clientele. They decided to produce a good blended whisky as an alternative to whisky available at that time, which were hard and badly aging.

1843: Chivas was granted a Royal Warrant to supply goods to Queen Victoria. Chivas Brothers has been described in 1890 as' without doubt the most beautiful purveying activities in the north of Scotland 'from' Scotland Today 'magazine.

1920: The Chivas Brothers has begun exporting whisky Chivas Regal in the United States, where the economic boom was fuelling demand for luxury goods. Chivas Regal became famous as the original luxury of whisky.

1949: Chivas Regal was bought by Seagrams, which provided a wider distribution and marketing system.

1950: Chivas Regal became a drink of vintage fashion, becoming a favorite with Frank Sinatra and the rest of the Rat Pack. [5] Sinatra requested Chivas Regal backstage at shows, [6] and later Chivas sponsored Frank Sinatra's Diamond Jubilee Tour in 1990.

Because of this success, the company Chivas Brothers was finally able to buy the Strathisla Distillery producing the sweet, honey malt whisky a heart of Chivas Regal mixture.

1997: Master Blender Colin Scott has created a new mixture aged for the production of whisky Chivas Regal 18 years.

2000: Chivas Regal was acquired by Pernod Ricard to a breakdown in the Seagrams group.

2001: Chivas Regal will be widely available in China, where, as with the United States in 1920, the economic boom is driving demand for luxury goods. Chivas Regal is now the most popular premium Scotch in China.

2007: Chivas Regal 25 years, created by Master Blender Colin Scott is launched at an event at New York Public Library, with the participation of stars such as Julianne Moore, Lucy Liu, Diana Krall, and Daniel Wu.

2007: Chivas Regal sales reach a record of over 4 million litres 9 cases.

BACCARDI

Rum in the New World was indirectly initiated by Christopher Columbus, who brought cane from the Canary Islands to the Spanish colonies in the Caribbean. At the end of the 19th century, rum was a liquor considered to be hard, rough, unfinished, and inexpensive, once reserved for the Caribbean pirates. It was not consumed by the elite society, neither served in fine establishments.

In the later part of the 19th century, a wine merchant named Thursday Facundo Bacardi Massó changed the population of rum. Thursday Facundo who was emigrated from Spain to the colonial city of Santiago de Cuba began to experiment with the distillation of rum in his own house. His goal was to find a recipe that would "civilize" rum using European methods. He experimented with every step of the process, including the quality of the raw materials, fermentation and distillation. Then he has gone one step never tried before: the mellow rum through filtration to remove impurities. Continuation of his experiments with oak aging barrels and mixing techniques, Don Facundo catalogued his work as a scientist and evaluated the results as a connoisseur.

Finally, Don Facundo Bacardi that the nature of the mind that the standards are met. His rum were mellower and more sophisticated than other rum. By comparison, the local rum seemed more brooding, heavy, and medicines. Facundo Thursday the potable surprising new light rum and dark, rich, older sipping rum had a unique quality to them.
In the beginning, Facundo enthusiastic welcome friends and neighbors with his new kind of rum. However, if a real entrepreneur, Facundo soon begin to sell. People would their empty bottles and jars to fill. Yet he saw the greater the potential of companies and purchased and the old tin distillery with a copper and cast iron alembic to launch "mass". He personally tested the quality of each bottle and he signed with his signature.

The popularity of the rum made by Don Facundo soared from foot to foot, but if the majority of Cubans were illiterate at that moment, an emblem was necessary for everyone to recognize his rum, which will be sold in its own bottle at the local branches. Bats were identified closely with rum, because during the night, berry-eating bats would crawl their way into the distillery. Is regarded as a good luck omen in the Cuban tradition of the bats were allowed to stay and later were employed as a brand for Bacardi Rum, now on every bottle. On February 4, 1862 Bacardi y Compañía (Bacardi & Company).

The initial success of the company not long as the Cuban economy floundered during the 1890s. The company was thrown into an even larger turnmoil as the Cuban revolution to gain independence from Spain intensified and Don Facundo's son, Emilio, then head of the company, was captured put and later forced into exile. Fortunately, after Cuba independent from Spain in 1902, the Bacardi company starts growing again.



Booming Business

For Bacardi, the "Roaring Twenties" were a period of growth and expansion. Prior to his death, Emilio Bacardi, Facundo's son, founded a new distillery in Santiago de Cuba. Meanwhile, the architect for expansion ", Don Facundo the son-Henri Schueg, began to enlarge the basis for the growth of trade. During that decade, he supervised the construction of two bottling plants, one in Barcelona, Spain and the other in New York City.
Meanwhile, the result of the ban, the bottling plant in New York closed its doors, while Cuba was fast becoming the destination of many American tourists are attracted by Bacardi's early advertising campaigns: "Come to Cuba and Baden in Bacardi rum". Intellectuals and artists from around the world flocked to Havana, at that time known as the "Paris of the New World" to enjoy the extravagant life. Tourists flocked to the grand casinos, where they played roulette, a Cuban cigar smoked, sipped rum and the age of daiquirís enjoyed, mojitos or Cuba Libres.

The years 1930 were a time when the Compañía Ron Bacardi SA continued its expansion outside Cuba. Prior to the repeal of the ban at a bottling plant was opened in Mexico City and later a distillery was built in Puerto Rico. But, as a result of protectionism and unfair practices, the company was involved in two lawsuits whose outcome will ultimately determine the future of the Bacardi rum brand.

While as the fourth president of the company, Henri Schueg successfully defended the right to the Bacardi company to use its name on Bacardi rum from Puerto Rico. His second victory came in New York during the Bacardi Cocktail event when it was established that "a Bacardi Cocktail is only a Bacardi Cocktail when made with BACARDI rum."

The years 1940 were plagued by the upheavals of the Second World War. In New York City, the company founded Bacardi Imports, which since the U.S. marketing and sales arm of the Puerto Rican society. In the years 1950, Bacardi began with the construction of the "La Galarza distillery in Mexico, a new distillery in Puerto Rico and a bottling plant in the suburbs of Mexico City. Plans begun for the construction of another Bacardi distillery in Recife, Brazil .

Internationalization

On October 14, 1960, after 98 years of his life in Cuba, the Cuban assets of Compañía Ron Bacardi SA were seized by the new Cuban regime led by Fidel Castro. The Bacardi family, along with thousands of their compatriots fled the island nation as exiles. The Bacardis devoted to re-focus on expanding their business abroad.
The holding companies in Puerto Rico, Mexico and Brazil provided the basis for further internationalisation. In fact, both the Mexican and Puerto Rican operations was outearning the Cuban operations since the years 1940. During the sixties, Bacardi completed new production facilities in Brazil, Bahamas, and Canada, to the ever increasing demand for their rum. They have also moved Bacardi Imports from New York to Miami, Florida.

The time from the middle of the years 1960 through jaren'70 saw the phenomenal growth of Bacardi rum across the world. New facilities were built in Spain, Panama, and an office building in Bermuda. The sale of Bacardi rum were propelled through publicity campaigns, such as' Bacardi mixes with everything except… driving. "In 1966, as a result of increased sales and popularity, the giant Coca-Cola Company agreed to advertise with the liquor, creating the ever-popular" Rum & Coke. "By 1978, Bacardi rum had become the number selling a spirit brand in the United States.

In the years 1990, the Bacardi company was consolidated into Bacardi Limited, with its headquarters in Hamilton, Bermuda. In an attempt to diversify and enlarge the European markets, the company bought a majority stake in Martini & Rossi in 1993. Two years later, has launched Bacardi rum Limón, the most successful new premium spirits brand ever introduced. In 1998, Bacardi bought the Dewar's Scotch whisky and Bombay gin brands from Diageo.



Today

Thursday Facundo Bacardi's heritage lives on. Passing down its secret formula under his descendants, he drew one of the world's most famous international brands. Approximately 500 descendants of one's own company. Today, Bacardi remains the only major non-listed spirits company, with more than 6000 dedicated employees and a presence in 170 countries. Bacardi is the world's second largest alcoholic company in terms of global volume of cases.

Bacardi rum is associated with Puerto Rico, because the rum in the U.S. is in that island and it is clearly marked as such in the bottles for the U.S. market. Moreover, if you ever traveled to Puerto Rico, you will most likely his visit to the largest distillery in the world, what happens if the Bacardi Rum Factory, based in the port of San Juan. During the Cold War, marketing the Bacardi rum as Cuba would not have been very well received by the American people. Now, with the changing times, Bacardi has finally mentioning the Cuban descent in the back label of his bottles of rum, making the appropriation for the long-standing heritage, which began in Santiago.

For more information on Bacardi, the Latin American marketing strategy and future challenges, meet the third annual Latin American Business Conference on Friday 6 april. Our Keynote address will be Angel Torres, chairman of Bacardi Corporation. This year's conference will also cover the most urgent political, economic, marketing, technology and financial issues in Latin America. As an added bonus, participants will have a chance to sample delicious dishes from various Latin American countries. For the conference, with participants information and registration, please visit www.hlbsa.com. This conference is by Spanish and Latin Business Student Association (HLBSA).

HENNESSY

The beginnings and 19

The beginnings of Hennessy they set when Irish nobleman Richard Hennessy established Eaux-de-vie trading business in Cognac, France, in 1765.In a country where he made reference Hennessy received as compensation for the mercenary for King Louis XV. In 1794, the company began its delivery Hennessy Cognac to a new independent United States.Hennessy later met Jean Fillioux as the first master blender in 1800. This is in 1813, which is a trademark, "Jas Hennessy & Co." was adopted.Hennessy grew more popular among the aristocracy, and in 1817 George IV ordered a Hennessy VSOP (excellent pale cognac eaux-de-vie). By 1840, after the creation, Hennessy agency in London, Export sales make up for 90% of the profits.The first label with the name of Jas Hennessy & C ° and the famous' Bras Armé ", introduced in 1856.In 1864, bottling plant was opened and Hennessy are registered trademarks.is a system for sorting is cognacs created by Maurice Hennessy in 1865.Not until 1868 Hennessy is to expand on the international level, that is a year of Japan Hennessy cognac.XO name (which has become one of the worldwide reference for cognacs), was created by Maurice Hennessy.Continuing its international relations, brings Hennessy XO in Shanghai, China in 1872. By the end of the 19 century, Jas Hennessy & Co. reaches full of well-known prestige and becomes world market leader eaux-de-vie in 1890.

20th century to the present

The company began an international campaign in 1905 with the phrase, "Hennessy, the name made famous Cognac." However, she was in 1930 that the company began to use the slogan, "the world's largest stock of eaux-de - vie." After joining Hennessy, Gerald de Geoffre de Chabrignac new designs XO flacon.company is going to break the record of shipping 12 million bottles in 1967. Jas Hennessy & Co. took a step step in 1971 when ga merged with respect champagne producer Moët & Chandon. The merger gives birth to the luxury-wine Moët Hennessy Group. Alone, Hennessy cognac became the first company to break record for the shipping of 24 million bottles a year. In an effort to further expand its name in luxury, fine beverage company makes a final merger with the prominent French fashion house Louis Vuitton in 1987.So Moët Hennessy-Louis Vuitton • was born, "LVMH" in simple terms, Najočitiji luxury goods business in the modern time. In 1992, to the memory of the 120. anniversary of the first instalment of XO cognac in Asia, the clipper christened "Spirit of Hennessy" has been authorized by Hennessy. In the town of Cognac, "Quais Hennessy," have created a French architect Jean-Michel Vilmotte, began. By 2001, Hennessy breaks the record of 35 million bottles sold in the world.

JACK DANIEL'S

According to Jack Daniel's web site, the founder of Jasper Newton "Jack" Daniel was born in September, 1850, although it seems no one knows the exact date of birth records were destroyed because of the fire courtroom. If the 1850 date is correct, on May have become a licensed distiller at the age of 16, as the distillery claims a date of establishment in 1866. Other records list his birth date as September 5, 1846, and 2004 in his biography Blood & Whiskey: the life and time of Jack Daniel author Peter Krass claims to the land and deed records show the distillery was actually not founded until 1875. Daniel was one of the thirteen children, Welsh and Scottish descent. In fact, according to the culture of drinking television show Three Sheets, Jack Daniel's whiskey is a direct inheritor of whiskey Welsh (Welsh brands, such as Penderyn, bear a similar flavor), for the teetotaling movement of the chapel in Wales .pushed whiskey makers such as Daniel's grandfather of the land in the United States.

Because of Jack Daniel never married, and he did not have any children, he took his favorite nephew, Lem Motlow, under his wing. Lem is the head of numbers, and soon it to all of the distillery's bookkeeping. In 1907, for failing health, Jack Daniel distillery gave her sister. Jack later died of blood poisoning that resulted in one of the infections in 1911.
The statue of Jack Daniel distillery.
The statue of Jack Daniel distillery.

Infection, allegedly began in one of his toes, Daniel, who injured an early morning in the workplace by hitting his safe in anger when he could not get open (he said he always had a problem with a combination of memories).This incident was the subject of a marketing poster used on London Underground in January 2006, with the line "moral: Never go to work early."

When the company was incorporated later, she was registered as "Jack Daniel Distillery, Lem Motlow, Prop., Inc." The company is allowed to continue to include Lem Motlow, who died in 1947, in its marketing, as mentioned in ga Advertising is technically only state the full corporate name. Also, advertising and still say that Lynchburg has only 361 people, while the current (2000 census) population is actually 5740. This is allowed because the entire inscription is protected in the early 1960s, when this figure was the actual population cited by the Census Bureau; label changes would require a new application for a trademark or trademark forfeiting protection. However, the figure 361 is also used on its web site, which has nothing to do with the old label's trademark issue. It should be noted, however, that the list of labels definition city Lynchburg is an area of Moore County, as county and city governments are consolidated, the actual area of Lynchburg May still have a small population. Interestingly, Moore County, where the Jack Daniel's distillery is located, is one of the many state is dry county. Therefore, while it is legal to distill the product within the county, which is illegal to buy ga over there. However, in the state law has provided an exception: May commemorative distillery to sell a single product, regardless of the laws the county.Jack Daniel's is now selling Mr. Jack, and Jack Daniel's Single Barrel at the distillery's White Rabbit Bottle Shop.

Tennessee ( "sour mash") whiskey is filtered through sugar maple charcoal in large wooden barrels before aging.Tennessee whiskey, by definition, not Bourbon whiskey as defined by Title 27 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Section 1, Part 5, Chapter 5.22.

According to their sites, Jack Daniel's Tennessee Whiskey is made with pure spring water from the hollow cave to the distillery. This is generally believed to be the reason the distillery site was originally chosen and why it is still there today.

TEQUILA

The story of tequila and how it became a popular beverage throughout the world (the honor of a song, poem and films) is a fascinating story stretching back more than 200 years. It all starts with agave plant grows in a small town near the Mexican high in the mountains near Guadalajara - and she ends up in bottles, blenders, and cocktail glasses in almost all countries in the face of the world.
But this is a story that can not be without mentioning, said one name associated worldwide with Tequila: José Cuervo, the most revered name in Tequila.

Tequila is a descendant of the first alcoholic drinks in North America, dating from the Aztecs in the early 16th century and drinks from agave plant. When the first Spaniards lands centuries ago in wh
it would later be called Mexico, they found the natives drank a fermented beverage that came from the liquid produced by steaming an agave plant. Using their knowledge and distillation, Spanish conquistadores transformed the fermented products in a clear, single distilled liquid - Tequila. In the centuries since, no one had more to do with the improvement of this delicious, attractive liquor from José Cuervo and his descendants.

Jose Antonio de Cuervo, the first producer of tequila, get a grant of land from the King of Spain in 1758, before Mexico became an independent republic. In 1795, King of Spain Carlos IV in the work transferred to another José Cuervo, Maria Jose Guadalupe Cuervo, and that he is the first concession to commercially produce Tequila. The Jose Cuervo immediately built his distillery, for making "wine on earth" - Tequila.
After the death of her father, Jose Maria Guadalupe Cuervo, Maria Magdelena Ignacia inherited distillery and is married Vicente Albino Rojas, who re-christened La Fabrica is Rojeña. Rojas aggressively promoted by the family of products, not only within the Jalisco state, but in Mexico. Although the distillery to change the names and hands several more times during the succeeding years, always remained in the hands of descendants of the original José Cuervo.

Under the guidance is José Cuervo family, reputation José Cuervo Tequila is lovely now begun to spread throughout the world as garnished prestigious international awards, including the Gran Premio of 1907 in Madrid and the Grand Prix at the International Food and hygiene exhibition in Paris in 1909. Reputation José Cuervo Tequila continued to expand: first in the United States, then Europe up until now finally José Cuervo, which can be found in over 90 countries worldwide.

Two centuries of a series of road, José Cuervo distillery continues to operate in the town of Tequila, near Guadalajara in the Mexican
State of Jalisco. "

REMY MARTIN

Like most people when you get to buy liquor for the first time, I was suckered by the great mass market brands, thinking it was a quality product, while only push too, overestimated mass market crap. Well, this has some 'decent taste of cognac, but is a little' harsh with a delay of burning the back of the throat after each sip! It lacks a finesse, elegance, the depth and smoothness that you should expect to liquor at this price.

A little 'background - The four major Cognac makers - Remy, Hennessy, Martell and Courvoisier do make a decent vsop, especially Martell. Being labelled a VSOP, a cognac must be aged a minimum of approximately 4 years of French law. The situation is that 20 years ago say, Remy VSOP was a fantastic product, as the leaders usually include cognac with an average age of perhaps 12 years, well above the minimum 4 in order to achieve a beautiful products. Unfortuneately, in the last 10 years as cognac Remy sales have exploded, which obviously do not have enough aged stocks for the provision of this increase in volume, while maintaining the same quality. So now I say that I am the production of VSOP cognac in line with the minimum legal requirements - 4 years of age. Consequently, less smooth and refined product we get now.

This is much the same story, like the other big 3, even though I believe Martell VSOP is better.

Now there are many others out there cognac, which are smaller houses and have a much smaller market share and do not advertise - they strive to make products using VSOP cognac whose age are much higher than the minimum requirements.

Many are available in the U.S., although you may need to look around a lot to get out of the "big four".

People, if I may recommend a VSOP and XO to begin, with great quality at decent prices:

BISQUIT VSOP - a great cognac every day, the same price remy VSOP, but better, and easier, with the average age of cognac phase of 10-12 years.
Martell VSOP is close well for a big name.

Delamain XO (Pale & Dry) - this is a small house of cognac that makes a superb XO, quality is at least as good as they say, a remy martin XO, but at half the price.


In summary, Remy VSOP is only good, but you see that you can do much better with the same amount of money in less well-known brands !!!!!! Search and enjoy.

WINE

Wine is an alcoholic drink made from the fermentation of grape juice.The natural chemical balance of the grapes is such that they can ferment without the addition of sugars, acids, enzymes or other nutrients.Wine is produced by fermenting grapes crushed with the help of various types of yeast that consume the sugars in the grapes and convert it into alcohol. Different varieties of grapes and the strains of the yeast used, depending on the nature of the wine produced.

Although other fruits like apples and berries can also be mistaken, the resulting "wine" are usually named after the fruit from which they are produced (for example, cider or elderberry wine) and are commonly known as fruit or the country of wine. Others, such as barley wine and rice wine (for example, for the sake), are made of starch-based materials and resemble beer more than wine and spirits, while ginger wine is fortified with brandy. In these cases, the use of the term "wine" is a reference to the higher alcohol content, instead of the production process.The commercial use of the English word "wine" (and its equivalent in other languages) is protected by law in many jurisdictions.

Wine has a rich history dating back to around 6000 BC and is thought to have originated in areas currently within the borders of Georgia and Iran.Wine probably appeared in Europe at around 4500 BC in the current Bulgaria and Greece, and was very common in ancient Greece, Rome and Thrace. Wine is also an important role in the religion over the centuries. The Greek god Dionysus and Bacchus represented the Roman equivalent of wine, and the drink is also used in Christian and Jewish ceremonies, such as the Eucharist and Kiddush.

The word "wine" is derived from the Proto-Germanic * winam, an early borrowing from the Latin vinum, "wine" or "(grape) vines", itself derived from the Proto-Indo-European root * win-o-( cf. Ancient Greek οῖνος - oînos, Aeolisch ϝ οίνος - woinos). Similar words for wine or grapes can be found in the Semitic languages (Arabic see وين wayne) and the Georgian (ğvino); some the term as a wanderwort, or "wandering word" .

History of Johnnie Walker

Originally known as Walker's Kilmarnock Whisky, the label is a legacy left by John 'Johnny' Walker after he began to sell whiskey in his grocer's shop in Ayrshire, Scotland. Brand was popular, but after Walker's death in 1857, it was his son Alexander Walker and grandson Alexander Walker II, which were largely responsible for the establishment of whisky as a popular brand. According to John Walker, whisky sales represented eight percent of its income, by the time Alexander was ready to overthrow the company to his own sons, that figure had risen to between 90 and 95 percent.
HNIE WALKER HISTORY

Prior to 1860 it was illegal to sell blended (malt and grain mixed together) whisky.In this time John Walker sold a number of whiskys - including his own Walker's Kilmarnock. In 1865 John's son Alexander produced their first mixture, Walker's Old Highland.

Alexander Walker first introduced the iconic square bottle in 1870. The other identifying characteristic of the bottle, label, which is used at an angle of 24 degrees.

From 1906-1909 John's grandsons, George and Alexander II expanded the line and introduced color names. In 1908, when James Stevenson was the CEO, there was a re-branding of forms. The whisky was renamed from Walker's Kilmarnock Whisky to the Johnnie Walker whisky. Moreover, the slogan, "Born in 1820 - still going strong!" was created with the Striding Man, a figure used in their advertising for about fifty years.

They fell Johnnie Walker White during World War I. In 1932, Alexander II added Johnnie Walker Swing to the line.

Johnnie Walker continues to be mixed in Kilmarnock, with a large plant just north of the city's railway station. The historic bonded warehouses and company offices (now the local authority) can still be seen in the Beach Street and John Finnie Street.

SOJU

Soju in Korea

History
Tools (sojugori, 소주 고리) in the middle, and various shaped hangari, 항아리) for the production of traditional soju
Tools (sojugori, 소주 고리) in the middle, and various shaped hangari, 항아리) for the production of traditional soju

Soju was first distilled around 1300 AD during the Mongolian war with Korea. The Mongols had acquired the technique of distillation Arak by the Persians [1] during their invasion of Central Asia / Middle East by 1256, then it was introduced to the Koreans and distilleries have been set up around the city of Kaesong (Hangul: 개성 ). Because in the vicinity of Kaesong, soju is known as Arak-ju (Hangul: 아락주). [2]

From 1965 to 1991 in order to alleviate shortages of rice, the Korean government banned the traditional direct distillation of soju from fermented grain. Instead, highly distilled ethanol from any source was mixed with water and aromas to create diluted soju. Although the ban was lifted now, cheap soju is still this way. The Korean government regulates the alcohol content of diluted soju less than 35%.

Several regions have once soju production from the traditional distillation of grain, which distilled soju. The soju from Andong is the most famous of all, with an ABV around 45%.

Brands

Jinro is the largest producer of soju (70 million cases sold in 2004). The most popular variety of soju is currently Chamisul (참이슬 - literally meaning "real dew"), a four-filtered by Jinro soju, but recently Cheoum Cheoreom (처음 처럼 - literally meaning "like the first time") from Doosan (두산) Is the increase their market share. However, the most popular brands vary by region. In Busan, Siwon soju (시원 소주) is the local and most popular brand. In Gyeongsangnam-do and Ulsan, the most popular is white soju (Hangul: 화이트 소주), produced by Muhak in Masan. However, once a limit of the Ulsan north to Gyeongju in Gyeongsangbuk-do, it is almost impossible to buy White soju and instead is the most popular Cham.

Etiquette

* Soju is usually drunk in the group gatherings to eat, unmixed and portioned into individual shot glasses.
* It is against the traditional custom in Korea to fill your own glass. Instead, it must be filled by another person at the table. This promotes the spirit of thoughtfulness and camaraderie.
* Schütten a drink, hold the bottle in the right hand with his left hand touched the right forearm or elbow, this peculiar arm position from the practice of detention of the sleeves of Hanbok, so that it does not touch the table or the food. When you receive a drink, and the rest glass in the left palm and hold it with your right hand, perhaps bowing his head slightly to show additional consideration.
* Koreans say, "One Shot", a challenge for your glass in a sip.
* A glass may not be refilled unless completely empty and should immediately once again empty, it is considered rude not to fill other "glass is empty, if
* Some special rules apply when drinking with someone of much higher status, namely greater age or rank.
o When drinking before the elders (people older than you), you should always move away from the older first. Drinking during the recording in front of the elderly is disrespectful.
o If an older empty soju is a shotglass (usually his / her) to you, this means that the person will fill the glass and wants you to drink. You do not have to drink it bottoms up, but you have to at least act as if you drink (sipping is okay). If you do drink the whole glass, then return the empty glass back on the senior, gave it to you. You are not to return immediately, but keep it for a long time is considered impolite.
o In Korean culture, with two hands to offer and accept the article as an act of great respect. Accordingly, if the glass is filled by a superior, we should keep the glass with both hands. Even when pouring soju for an older, holds the bottle with both hands.
* Friends of the same social status, it is not necessary to use both hands while pouring a drink or receiving, but can be done out of habit or courtesy.

Consumption

Although beer, whisky and wine have been gaining popularity in recent years, soju remains one of the most popular alcoholic drinks in Korea because of its availability and relatively low price. More than 3 billion bottles were consumed in South Korea in 2004. [3] In 2006 it was estimated that the average Korean adult (older than 20) had consumed 90 bottles of soju in the course of this year, with each bottle equivalent to seven shots. [4]

Despite tradition, soju is not always consumed unmixed form. A poktanju (lit: "bomb drink") consists of a shot glass of soju fell into a pint of draft beer (such as a boilermaker) and is fast drunk. The opposite, a shot glass of beer barrel fell into a pint soju, is poktanju suso (lit: "hydrogen bomb drink").

"Soju cocktail" is soju with fruit juice or soft drink and optional Kool-aid or bingsu syrup. Common flavors are lemon, apple, peach, yogurt, plums and grapes. Several bars, catering especially to younger people and foreigners who serve soju cocktail "soju kettles" similar to the "bucket" generally available in Thai-land, where the upper section of an empty 2-liter plastic bottle is cut off and the remaining cylindrical "boiler" filled with soju cocktail, with one or more straws.

MARTELL HISTORY

Introduction If you are on the main road from Martell Village today it difficult to visualize the extraordinary activity that occurred here beginning over 150 years. Martell started as an independent settlement. There were only two other settlements in Pierce County at this time, River Falls and Prescott. Within four to five years after the first settlement, Martell pioneers formed a city government, which by most of the functions of a modern county, including police enforcement, road and bridge construction, supporting the poor and elderly, and dealing with wild live animals threatened, including bears, wolves and cougars.

Martell had a vibrant social life, including dances, picnics community, school and church meetings, travel shows, card games. Many clubs and lodges, where regular and enthusiastic interaction. For part of its history, Martell was conceived as a more uproarious place because of the salons in the city.

Flower Mill Dam

There were tragedies, which regularly. Disease swept through many lives. The massive jobs created by the pioneers with the crudest of tools caused many accidents.

Martell was a mill town. A number of mills were built early including sawmills, grist (feed) mills, mills, carding (wool) mills, and Planning (lumber) mills. Other farm-related industries and services grew. Blacksmithing was an important service in those days.

Drug Store

The city peak in the population to over 1900, and the decline not only 1920. The absence of a railway was a key to the community is not in a position to grow. When the boy in 1950's I remember four stores in operation. The last was the shop Martell General Store on Highway 63, which burned in 1979. With today's residential growth it is my opinion that the village of Martell could eventually experience a rebirth.

A chronology
Sometime from 1844 to 1849 five French Canadian hunters and trappers have the Indian route followed by a sawmill near Stillwater all the way to Rush River north of the village today. There Joeseph Martell, Roman Kay, Exard Jacques (Jock) DuBois, Louis Lafond, and John cover a cabin and went hunting and trapping.
Joe Martell

Around 1849 the Reverend E.L. Clausen came looking for a place for Norwegians to settle immigrants. He found land in Martell and returned to Norway to tell his people. In 1850, Hans Iverson arrived with a party of Norwegians looking for a place to live. The other moves, while Hans remained. In 1850, Amos Bore tool came to govern. He received a home for his services in the War of 1812.

Roman Kay

In 1851, Hans Iverson brought his family to live and Roman Kay to a home site. In 1852, Mr. Kay received the patent for his home in what was known in recent times as Wallce flour farm north of the city. Roman's four French friends also in the area.

In 1852 Peter Ellerson, Mathias Slatten and Hans Stumlie came to Martell. This year it is expected that Amos Bonesteel founded the first General Store. In 1853, Gatorum Anderson, Peter Anderson, Andrew Bakke, Mads Prestrud and Guul election came to govern. The family lives Bakke remains of the Rush River in Centerville.

On 14 March 1853, Pierce County was created by the legislature Wisconsin. In 1854, the first meeting to form a government of the city took place in Joseph Martell's home. Seventeen people to elect the chairman, a writer, a treasurer, superintendent of schools, a sealing of weights and measures, an assessor, a supervisor of highways and four judges of the peace.

In 1855, Reverend fire organised a meeting to form the Norwegian Evangelical Lutheran Church. About 1855-1856, Jock DuBois had rented Issac Elliot to buy land, the village where he is now. Elliot DuBois had betrayed the country and kept for themselves. They apparently settled, with DuBois get 60 to 80 hectares north of the existing village. Elliot then subdivided his land, which the original plat of the city, which he called Sun Rise. He charged $ 10 a package and a small stand for the sale of goods.

In 1855, R.J. Thompson and Luke Pomeroy built the first sawmill. In 1856, Louis Randall other mill was built. In 1858 Mr. Whalen and Mr. Grey built a flower mill. On 2 August 1857, village residents met at Rasmussen O. 's shop to organize the first school. This had ultimately 8 school districts and educated more than 1000 people over 97 years of operation.

In 1857 Ole Rasmussen was appointed postmaster. In those days, he would people to meet Prescott packet boats from downhill. E-mail from LaCrosse, St. Louis, Missouri, Illinois Galena, and international mail came in this way.

In 1859 the citizens of the village petitioned the county to change the village name Martell. The County changed the name to Martell, 17 March 1859.

In 1860, there were two churches in Martell. In 1863, local men volunteered for the civil war. In 1864, about 58 men were after the war.

About 1861-1864, there is a mystery to the death of Jock DuBois. Various versions include a fight with a bear, poisoning by his wife, or arsenic poisoning by an unknown person. In 1863-1864 Mr. Winger built a grist mill in Martell.

In 1870, Martell had a hotel. In 1878, the first meeting to establish the Martel Mutual Fire Insurance Company took place. The company began in the 1980's, when a storm caused substantial damage to insured properties in the area. In 1878, a monthly cattle fair was organized.

April 1880 brought a great flood washed out that several dams mill in the city. In 1886, T.E. Martell Nelson's Woolen Mill was stocking manufacturing yarn, flannels and blankets. In 1886, Louis Guiser began a cheese factory on his farm.

Woolen Mills

In 1890, the Martell Debating Society was flourishing, along with the Martell Telephone Company. In 1892, Roche flooring mill was in operation. Martell had hoped for a train in those days. In 1894, 6 bridges were built in the town after a flood spring. In 1897, G. Thompson bought a stake in the Lawton store. In 1898, the Rush River Lutheran church was dedicated. In that year, local men on their way to the California gold rush.


In 1900, H. Fosmo bought the creamery, and converted it into a forge. In 1905, the centre in the village of wooden bridge was replaced with a steel bridge.

In 1934, a flood was reported as "the wildest rage Rush River had ever been." During 1930 the last water powered feed producers in the village was still in operation. In 1930, Norman Winger Ford sold cars.

As time marched on, until today Martell is a quiet residential village with non-commercial institutions. I hope you enjoyed this brief review Martell early history and information from Patricia Wiff the books. Her second book on Martell is still available. It is entitled "Is it only Lutefisk and Lefse left?" It is a hard bay 589 pages that the available collection Martell, if you can call 715-684-3713. If you have an e-mail, please contact Patricia Wiff, 8723 Johnson Road, Ongora Minnesota 55703-8141. The price is via e-mail $ 48th Thank you for your attention to our history.

Dan Knutson

History

The first written record of whiskey comes from Ireland in 1405 invented by Ben Sharman, which is distilled by monks. was also mentioned in Scotland in 1496. However se cree que el whisky had already been around for at least several hundred years earlier. When the whiskey or when it exceeds distilled for the first time is unknown and the local production of beverages during the period undocumented identification makes the drink of origin difficult. It is also possible that different groups discovered distillation processes completely independently from each other.

Some scholars believe alcoholic beverages were produced between 8 and 9 century a century in the Middle East with the art of distillation of being subjected to Ireland and Britain by Christian monks. This is a popular legend of St. Patrick who introduced the distillation to Ireland and Scotland, but lived too early to make this possible. However, it is possible that the distillation process was discovered in Ireland and the British Isles (either independently or in precursor control for the distillation of Arabia) by farmers as a way to use excess grain after harvest.

Whisky

Whisky, or whisky, is a large class of alcoholic beverages is distilled from the fermented mash of grain and aged in wooden casks (usually oak).

Different for different varieties of cereals, including: barley, malt barley, rye, malt rye, wheat, maize (corn). Irish whisky from the word "water" (uisce or uisge), is in the so-called full uisge - beatha (in Scotland) or uisce beatha (Ireland), which means "water of life." This is related to Latin America aqua regia resume, also, which means "water of life." [1] it has always been the Scotch whisky and Irish whiskey.